OBJECTIVE 1.

ASSESS EXPOSURES AND RISK LEVELS (INCL. PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIOURS)

OBJECTIVE 2.

ASSESS BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURES AND LEVELS OF RELATED DISEASES (MORTALITY, MORBIDITY, PERCEPTIONS)

OBJECTIVE 3A.

IDENTIFY PRIORITY GROUPS FOR INTERVENTION (VULNERABLE)

OBJECTIVE 3B.

 IDENTIFY PRIORITY GROUPS FOR INTERVENTION (HIGH EXPOSURE)

WATER

Percentage of urban population with potable water through house connections (PAHO E2)

 Access to basic sanitation (Briggs

Diarrhea mortality in children under 5 (Briggs)

 Diarrhea morbidity in children under 5 (Briggs)

Population access to health services (PAHO E1)

 Mortality rate under 5 (PAHO C6)

 % of population living in extreme poverty (PAHO B8)

 Birthweight

Degree to which drinking water systems comply to guidelines (CDC)

 % of children living in areas served by public water systems that exceeded a drinking water standard or violated treatment requirements (EPA-C; E5)

AIR

Number of exceedances days for each ambient air standard (Border)

 Proportion of youth 15-19 of age who smoke (PAHO D 30)

 Ambient air concentrations for criteria pollutants in each sister city (Border)

 Percentage of households using coal, wood or kerosene as main source of heating/cooking fuel (Briggs)

Incidence of morbidity due to acute respiratory infections in children under 5 (Briggs)

 Estimated death rates due to acute respiratory infections in children under 5 (PAHO C11)

Percentage of children living in counties in which air quality standards were exceeded (EPA-C; E1)

 Percentage of homes with children under 7 where someone smokes regularly (EPA-C; E4)

FOOD

Level of consumption for raw milk

 Level of consumption of traditionally preserved food

# of outbreaks of foodborne illness (Briggs) 86

Proportion of children consuming diets with foods with high level of contaminants

WASTE

Number of chemical spills (transportation and fixed facility) EPA 90

 Quantities of hazardous waste exported to Mexico for recycling EPA-Env 97

Incidence of chemical spill related injuries and poisonings EPA 91

 Blood/urine concentration levels (95th percentile) for heavy metals in the vicinity of recycling and / or hazardous waste facilities modified from EPA 92

% of women of child bearing age and children living in the vicinity of hazardous waste and recycling facilities

 % of population living in noxious fauna and pest infested dwellings

MULTIPLE EXPOSURES

Adequacy of storage for chemicals in households

Number of reported poisonings per year in children under 5 (Briggs)

 Estimated death rates due to tumors (selected sites) (PAHO C20)

 Incidence of birth defects

Total 3 of children living in households with inadequate storage of chemicals

OCCUPATIONAL

Pattern of pesticide use (CDC)

 Adequacy of storage for chemicals in workplace

Incidence of occupational mortality (Briggs)

Occupational and industrial categories where unsafe, unhealthy or hazardous working conditions may exist